WHAT IS A CONSPIRACY AND WHAT DOES FEDERAL LAW SAY ABOUT CONSPIRACY? While 18 U.S. Code § 371 specifically addresses conspiracy, many other statutes have conspiracy clauses included in them. A common thread in all conspiracy charges is that they include two or more people coming to an agreement or understanding to willingly pursue some unlawful or illegal activity. Put more simply, a conspiracy is an agreement between two or more people to commit a crime. The crime to be committed is called the object or purpose of the conspiracy, which could be literally any crime. Conspiracy charges are most often brought at the federal level in cases involving fraud and drug trafficking. Penalties for conspiracy charges depend upon many factors, primarily the type of crime as well as a defendant’s criminal history.
WHAT DOES FEDERAL LAW SAY ABOUT POSSESSION WITH INTENT TO DISTRIBUTE? 21 U.S. Code § 841 reads that it shall be unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, a controlled substance; or to create, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to distribute or dispense, a counterfeit substance. This statute specifically spells out the weights, criteria and penalties for many common illegal substances and the associated sentences.
WHAT DOES FEDERAL LAW SAY ABOUT TAX FRAUD? 26 U.S. Code § 7201 states that any person who willfully attempts in any manner to evade or defeat any tax imposed by this title or the payment thereof shall, in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $100,000 ($500,000 in the case of a corporation), or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, together with the costs of prosecution.